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Laillisen kuitu- ja öljyhampun sekä hampun lääkekäytön puolesta - sitoutumaton, ei-kaupallinen |
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Blogit - Dr. J.C. Callaway, Ph.D. blogien etusivulle J.C. Callawayn blogeihin
10.10.2008:
Noise from the North #1
Dear Madam/Sir,
This is the first in a series of short e-mail articles that are presented to help in discussing the current politics of hemp in the EU, which is not a simple or even logical process at times.
I have attached an excellent new article by Dr. Stefano Amaducci et al. for your information purposes. This article carefully describes the flowering dynamics of monoecious and dioecious varieties of hemp, and illustrates an important point that is neither intuitive nor obvious; i.e., the complexities of hemp flowering characteristics.
Understanding the development of hemp morphology is necessary to determine the correct time of sampling a hemp crop for THC testing, according to EU regulations. In particular, the end of flowering is an important point that determines the time of sampling, but ³end of flowering² is never described or defined in Annex 1 of EU Regulation No 796/2004 (also attached). Typically, official crop sampling agents in EU Member States, who may or may not know anything about hemp, are expected to visit hemp crops during the summer months, often for the first and only time, and take samples (supposedly at the correct time) according to the regulation.
By reading this article by Amaducci et al., it becomes apparent how difficult and tedious it is for even trained observers to make an accurate determination of this elusive point during the development of a hemp crop. For this reason, it is important to ask; In practice, how is the end of flowering correctly determined for the purpose of taking hemp field samples for THC testing in the EU? This is important to know because THC levels vary throughout the development of a hemp crop. This is why the EU has constructed a variety of sampling procedures in Annex 1 of EU Regulation No 796/2004.
This question is especially relevant for dioecious oilseed hemp varieties like Finola, which typically reaches its end of flowering by 65 days after sowing under ideal conditions in Finland, where Finola was developed in 1995 and where it is still maintained. The end of flowering for Finola occurs in even less time if the conditions are unfavorable. Inevitably, Finola has been sampled late by authorities, where ever it has been grown, especially in Finland, Sweden and the UK. Late samples have resulted in THC values that are sometimes over the 0.2% THC limit for subsidized crops. This is why Finola was removed from the EU list of subsidized hemp varieties after 2006.
This erratic application of the sampling protocol has also resulted in the recent delisting of the Hungarian oilseed variety Tiborszállási, which has been sampled late in both Finland and Sweden in recent years. Results from the EU Commission show that the French monoecious fiber variety Fedora 17 tested over the 0.2% THC limit outside of France in 2006, when it was left in the field for relatively long periods of time and possibly sampled by untrained individuals who were unable to determine the correct time of sampling for this variety. In short, all hemp varieties are at risk of arbitrary sampling under these circumstances.
One must also ask, who really benefits from these complex and peculiar regulations?
Hemp is not a drug. Unlike drug varieties of Cannabis, there is no evidence to suggest that any hemp variety can be effectively used for drug purposes. The levels of THC are simply far too low in hemp, even in the most extreme examples. Moreover, the higher levels of CBD in hemp will effectively attenuate the possibility of a psychoactive drug effect, even if someone were to try and use hemp for drug purposes. The topic of CBD and THC will be discussed from a scientific point of view in Noise from the North #3.
Next week, in Noise from the North #2, I will send you a pre-print of a new article that details the inherent problems in the EU sampling and analytical methodologies, which are both used and misused in the evaluation of THC in hemp varieties throughout the EU. Also in that article will be examples and specific suggestions on how to improve the accuracy and precision of these methodologies.
In the mean time, you are welcome to learn more about hemp and healthy nutrition from hempseed at www.finola.com .
Sincerely yours,
Dr. J.C. Callaway, Ph.D.
Finola ky Seed and Oil
PL 236
FIN-70101 KUOPIO, Finland
Tel. +358 (0)40 725 2534
VAT number Y-1706848-2
www.finola.com
- ylös -
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Laillisen kuitu- ja öljyhampun sekä hampun lääkekäytön puolesta - sitoutumaton, ei-kaupallinen |
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